Turbine.



PATBNTBD JULY .14, 1908. W. WYA ND;

TURBINE INVENTOR mg/ mm Altar/1e I APPLICATION rmm 110v. za 1901.

WILLIAM WYAND, OF'GOLLINGSWOOD, NEW JERSEY.

TURBINE Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 14, 1908.

Application filed November 26, 1907. Serial No. 403,844.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM WYAND, a citizen of the United States,residing at Collingswood, in the county of Camden and State of NewJersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Turbine-Engines and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, andexact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilledin the art to which it appertains to make and use the same. 7

This invention relates to steam turbine engines or motors,-used fordriving fans and for other purposes; and it consists in the novelconstruction and combination of the parts hereinafter fully describedand claimed. In the drawings, Figure l is a vertical section through theturbine engine. Fig. 2 is a sectional plan View of one of the jet-tubesand three of the vanes. v Fig. 3 is a detail side view of three of thevanes as arranged for steam pressures of from 80 to 100 pounds. Fig. 4is a plan view of the same. Fig. 5 is a side view similar to Fig. 3, butshows the vanes arranged for steam pressures of from to 70 pounds.

A is the casing of the turbine wheel provided with an exhaust passage0..

B is the shaft on which the turbine wheel is mounted. This shaft is journaled in bearings b on the casing, and it and its bearings are of anyapproved construction. The fan to be driven is preferably secured on theprojecting end portion 1) of the shaftB.

C is the turbine wheel which is secured on the shaft B inside thecasing. This wheel is provided with a series of vanes 0 at itsperiphery. For steam pressures of from 80 to 100 pounds'these vanes areinclined diagonally and rearwardly of the direction of revolution of thewheel at an angle of about 70 with the periphery of the body of thewheel as shown in Fig. 3. For steam pressures of from 50 to 70 poundsthe angle of the vanes is preferably decreased to about as shown in Fig.5. The arrows on the drawings indicate the direction of revolution ofthe turbine wheel.

The buckets or spaces between the vanes are open at the top, but theuseful effect of the bucket tops as ordinarily made is obtained by thediagonal overhang of the vanes against the impinging steam.

The faces 2 of the vanes, against which the steam impinges, are flat orplane surfaces, or substantially so, and these faces are with the sideof the turbine wheel or the plane of its rotation, as shown in Fig. 2.The vanes are substantially triangular in arranged at substantially anangle of 45 cross-section, the flanks of the vanes being formed of twosides or plane-surfaces 3 and 4. The rear side 3 is about four times thearea of the front side 4, and the rear side 3 is arranged at about 434with the plane of rotation of the wheel. The sides 3 and 4 join onto theends of the faces 2, the points of junction of all three of the saidsides forming the triangle being slightly flattened or rounded so thatthe vanes may be strong and serviceable. When the vanes are formed inthis manner the buckets have converging entrances 8 which extend aboutone-quarter the width of the wheel, and

diverging main portions 9 which extend for the remainder of the width ofthe wheel and in which the steam is permitted to expand. These vanes andbuckets are preferably cut vided with two delivery holes or passa es earranged at any approved angle to the aces of the vanes, and spacedapart at about the same distance as the vanes, so that steam is su pliedto the vanes in pairs. As many j ettulies as desired are used, and theyare arranged around the peri hery of the turbine wheel at any desireddistances apart. 4

Each et-tube E is secured at an angle into a su ply tube F, and the suply tube is secured in a hole inthe side of t e casin A by means of ascrewthreaded shank f and a nut f, or any other approved fasteningdevices.

The holes in the su ply tubes and the single holes of the j et-tu eswhich connect with the delivery passages e are made about three timesthe combined areas of the two holes or passages 6, so that the boilerpressure may not be diminished.

The end portions of the supply tubes F which project throu h the casingare connected with the boi er by any suitable arrangement of pipes, andprovided with any ap roved regulating valve.

iat I claim is:

1. A turbine wheel provided at its periphery with a series of diagonallyand rearwardly inclined vanes which form opentopped buckets, said vanesbeing triangular in cross-section and having substantially fiat faces,and the said buckets having converging entrances and diverging mainportions.

2. A turbine wheel provided at its periphery with a series of diagonallyand rearwardly inclined vanes which form opentopped buckets, said vanesbeing triangular in cross-section and having substantially fiat facesand having their flanksformed of two surfaces arranged at an angle toeach other and proportioned substantially four to one in area, and thesaid buckets having converging entrances and diverging main portions. v

8. A turbine wheel provided at its periphery with a series of vanesinclined diagonally and rearwardly of their direction of rotationandarranged at substantially an angle of 45 with the plane of rotation,said vanes forming a series of open-topped buckets and being triangularin cross-section and rovided with substantially flat front faces for thesteam to impinge against.

4. The combination, with a turbine wheel provided at its )eriphery witha series of vanes having su stantially flat faces, said vanes beinginclined diagonally and rearwardly and forming a series of open'toppedbuckets, of a steam jet-tube provided with two outlet passages spaced todischarge steam against the faces of two adjacent vanes simultaneously.

5. The combination, with a casing, and a turbine wheel journaled in thesaid casing and provided at its periphery with a series of vanes havingsubstantially flat faces, said vanes being inclined diagonally andrearwardly and forming a series of open-top )ed buckets; of a steamsupply tube secured to the said casing, and a steam et-tube secured atan angle to the said supply tube and provided with two outlet holes or)assages spaced to discharge steam against t 1e faces of two adjacentvanes simultaneously.

In testimony whereof I have ai'lixed my signature in the presence of twowitnesses.

WILLIAM VVYAND. Witnesses H. L. MERRIOK, A. E. DARNELL.

